What is Cancer Genomics?

Hereditary cancer testing, also known as genetic testing for hereditary cancer syndromes, involves analyzing an individual’s DNA to identify inherited mutations that increase the risk of developing certain types of cancer. These tests help determine if a person carries genetic changes associated with an increased risk of cancer, enabling proactive management and early detection strategies for them and their family members. Advancements in genetic testing technology enhance early detection, targeted prevention, and informed health decisions.

According to the National Cancer Institute (NCI), it’s estimated that about 5-10% of all cancers are hereditary, meaning they result from an inherited genetic mutation passed down through generations. This suggests that a significant portion of the population may carry cancer-related genetic mutations.

1) Purpose

• Risk Assessment: Identify individuals with a higher genetic risk for developing cancer.
• Prevention and Early Detection: Inform strategies for regular screening and preventive measures.

2) Common Hereditary Cancer Syndromes

• BRCA1 and BRCA2: Mutations associated with a high risk of breast, ovarian, colon, prostate and other cancers.
• Lynch Syndrome: Linked to increased risks of colorectal, endometrial, and other cancer

3) Benefits

• Personalized Screening Plans: Increased surveillance for early detection of cancer.
• Preventive Measures: Options such as prophylactic surgeries or medications to reduce cancer risk.
• Treatment Decisions: Tailored treatment plans for those diagnosed with cancer, based on their genetic profile.